he addition of copper to this grade gives it corrosion resistant properties superior to the conventional chrome nickel stainless steels, in particular to sulphuric, phosphoric and acetic acids. However, there is limited use with hydrochloric acids. It also has a high resistance to pitting in chloride solutions, a high resistance to both crevice and stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 904L performs better than other austenitic stainless steels due to the higher alloying of nickel and molybdenum.
The grade is non-magnetic in all conditions and has excellent formability and weldability. The austenitic structure also gives this grade excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.
The high chromium content promotes and maintains a passive film which protects the material in many corrosive environments.904L has a greater resistance to precipitation of ferrite and sigma phases on cooling and welding than other stainless steels containing molybdenum such as 316L and 317L. There is no risk of intercrystalline corrosion on cooling or welding due to the low carbon content. Its maximum service temperature is at 450°C.
This grade is particularly useful in control and instrumentation tubing applications where 316 and 317L are not suitable.
Chemical Composition
Element | Min | Max |
C | - | 0.02 |
Mn | - | 2 |
Ni | 23 | 28 |
Cr | 19 | 23 |
S | - | 0.3 |
Mo | 4 | 5 |
N | - | 0.1 |
Cu | 1 | 2 |
P | - | 0.03 |
Si | - | 0.7 |
Physical Properties (Room Temperature)
Specific Heat (0-100°C) | 450 | J.kg-1.°K-1 |
Thermal Conductivity | 11.5 | W.m -1.°K-1 |
Thermal Expansion | 15.8 | μm/μm/°C |
Modulus Elasticity | 190 | GPa |
Electrical Resistivity | 9.52 | Ohm-cm |
Density | 7.95 | g/cm3 |
Mechanical Properties
Temper | Annealed | |
Tensile Rm | 71 | ksi (min) |
Tensile Rm | 490 | MPa (min) |
R.p. 0.2% Yield | 32 | ksi (min) |
R.p. 0.2% Yield | 220 | MPa (min) |
Elongation (2” or 4D gl) | 35 | % (min) |
large stainless steel pipe | sch 160 stainless steel pipe |
lowes stainless steel pipe | sch 20 stainless steel pipe |
marine stainless steel pipe | sch 40 316 stainless steel pipe |
metric stainless steel pipe | sch 5 stainless steel pipe |
model 419 stainless steel pipe | sch 80 stainless steel pipe |
round stainless steel pipe | scrap stainless steel pipe |